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杨 敏

研究员

中国科学院生态环境研究中心

个人简介

杨敏,中国科学院生态环境科学研究中心研究员,博士生导师,党员,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者。现任工业废水无害化与资源化国家工程研究中心主任,ES&T Water副主编。

长期从事水环境微生物风险控制研究,牵头实施“十一五”以来全国饮用水水质调查,研创了有害藻、病原微生物快速检测方法和装备,攻克大型水源地水体绿色抑藻控嗅、抗生素废水耐药性传播源头阻断等关键工程技术难题。成果应用于《生活饮用水卫生标准》等多项国家和WHO标准规范编制、水源水质调控和制药废水耐药性控制等工程建设,以及北京、上海、余杭等地多起饮水嗅味事件应急处置,惠及“一带一路”多国。获国家科技进步一等奖、二等奖,国家自然科学二等奖、中国科学院杰出科技成就奖、光华奖、中国城镇供水排水协会科学技术进步特等奖、侯德榜化工科学技术成就奖等。

教育经历

博士 | 日本广岛大学


代表性论文

  • 026 Controlling filamentous cyanobacterial blooms requires adaptive, weather-informed strategy

    方 姣、苏 命*、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2026

    丝状蓝藻的全球扩张对水安全构成威胁,因为它们会产生毒素和异味化合物。作为水下栖息者,丝状蓝藻对传统的营养盐控制和絮凝控制具有抗性,暴露了管理上的空白。我们开发了一种适应性、预测引导的框架,将预测建模与精准沉积物再悬浮(SR)相结合,其中与SR相关的光衰减可能对水华抑制起重要作用。2023-2024年对中国东部40座水库的调查显示,半数系统中丝状蓝藻占生物量的80%以上。XGBoost模型(R2 = 0.57)识别出9-10月为最高风险期,超过80%的水库受到影响。SR的有效性依赖于光照:在低辐照度下抑制生长,但在高光照下如果遮光将辐照度调整到丝状藻类的最适范围,则可能促进其生长。我们通过调节沉积物通量(0.1-5.2 g L-1)优化了SR,以响应实时预报动态衰减光照。现场验证证实,预报引导的SR通过光控制有效限制了假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena)。这种基于生态的管理方法为气候变化下可持续的水安全提供了一个可扩展的框架。

    Graphical abstract for Controlling filamentous cyanobacterial blooms requires adaptive, weather-informed strategy
    Sediment stirred up, / light dims, filaments retreat— / forecasts guide the cure.
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  • 025 Spatiotemporal decoupling of littoral and lacustrine geosmin dynamics: Implications for early warning in drinking water reservoirs

    桂 玉莹#、曹 腾心#、苏 命*、et al. · Water Research, 2026

    蓝藻的生态位特征与其有害代谢物向饮用水取水口的运输动态之间的关系仍不清楚。本研究将全国范围的调查与为期五年的高频监测计划相结合,以表征这些动态,重点关注强效气味物质土臭素。全国调查显示,14%的监测点位超过了10 ng L-1的气味阈值,表明存在不可忽视的风险。在YQ水库,阿氏浮丝藻(Planktothrix agardhii)被证实是主要的产臭生物。监测揭示了一种明显的时空解耦现象:浅水沿岸带作为生产中心,其阿氏浮丝藻生物量比湖库型取水口提前8天达到峰值。时滞相关分析表明,沿岸带生物量可提前5周预测取水口的土臭素浓度(R2 = 0.41)。铵态氮被确认为关键调控因子,其在沿岸带与土臭素的相关性最强(R2 = 0.37),但这种关联在运输过程中有所减弱。本研究提出的机理传输模型和分层监测框架,将监测重点从被动的取水口采样转变为主动的沿岸带预警站,为依赖水库供水的饮用水系统建立了一个关键的预防性干预预测窗口。

    Graphical abstract for Spatiotemporal decoupling of littoral and lacustrine geosmin dynamics: Implications for early warning in drinking water reservoirs
    Littoral bloom foreshadows, / a five-week warning, then taste / downstream borne.
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  • 023 Cyanobacterial crowding-out effects on metabolite partitioning: modeling 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) release dynamics and implications

    艾 宇帆#、吴 永年#、苏 命*、et al. · Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2025

    2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)是一种强效蓝藻代谢物,在痕量浓度下即可通过异味问题影响饮用水水质。尽管其影响显著,但MIB的胞内动力学及环境释放机制仍鲜有研究。我们通过对两种产毒菌株的受控实验,建立了一个生长阶段依赖的MIB释放机理模型。该模型揭示,胞外MIB比例($f = e_{MIB}/t_{MIB}$)遵循一致模式:在对数生长中期降至最低,随后在稳定期上升并稳定在0.4至0.6之间,表明拥挤诱导的细胞裂解驱动了释放动态。将该模型应用于太湖,成功重构了2022-2023年间的两次异味事件,阐明了MIB生产者时空动态,并确定了在中等光照(0.1-0.4 mol m⁻² d⁻¹)下约15°C和>30°C的关键风险阈值——这些模式是常规监测无法发现的。我们的研究结果表明,生理阶段转换而非仅生物量积累控制着异味物的释放。该框架可扩展至其他藻类代谢物(如土臭素、蓝藻毒素),提供更广泛的预测能力。通过将细胞过程与水质风险相关联,我们的方法能够实现对蓝藻污染物的主动管理,为早期预警系统和氧化剂类型优化的运行指导提供信息,以防止藻细胞中有害化合物的大规模释放。

    Graphical abstract for Cyanobacterial crowding-out effects on metabolite partitioning: modeling 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) release dynamics and implications
    A scent on the water, / Born from a crowded cell's burst, / A warning grows cold.
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  • 022 Effects of Oxygenation Resuspension on DOM Composition and Its Role in Reducing Dissolved Manganese in Drinking Water Reservoirs

    苏 命#、李 薇薇#、吕 昌伟*、杨 敏*、et al. · Environmental Science & Technology, 2025

    水源沉积物厌氧环境是饮用水系统中锰释放的关键驱动因素。增强沉积物氧化可抑制锰释放,但不同氧化条件下锰的形态转化机制尚不明确。本研究通过实验室模拟,考察了沉积物在不同溶解氧水平(0、2、5、7 mg/L)含氧水层中的暴露情况。结果表明,锰释放量与溶解氧呈显著负相关(R²=0.93,p=0.034),氧气促使溶解性有机物(C2、C3组分)发生反应并形成羟基、羧基等功能基团,通过吸附或络合作用去除锰(C2:R²=0.57,p<0.001;C3:R²=0.53,p<0.001)。对六个水库的实地研究确定了沉积物再悬浮调控锰风险的运行阈值(补偿阈值:17.4 μg/L;风险阈值:中国标准95.5 μg/L;WHO标准70.8 μg/L)。这些发现阐明了锰与有机物的相互作用机制,可为水源系统锰与藻类协同去除提供实践指导。

    Graphical abstract for Effects of Oxygenation Resuspension on DOM Composition and Its Role in Reducing Dissolved Manganese in Drinking Water Reservoirs
    Mud whispers iron, / oxygen sings it silent— / clean water follows.
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  • 021 Green Light Suppresses Cell Growth but Enhances Photosynthetic Rate and MIB Biosynthesis in PE-Containing Pseudanabaena

    曹 腾心、苏 命*、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2025

    2-甲基异茨醇(MIB)是饮用水系统中由蓝藻在光合色素生物合成过程中产生的典型霉味物质。本研究通过诱导含藻红蛋白(PE)的产MIB蓝藻——灰色假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena cinerea)在不同光色下的趋色适应性,揭示其生理调控机制。结果表明:红光通过激活三羧酸(TCA)循环及相关代谢过程促进藻体生长,而绿光显著提升光合色素含量及电子传递效率;MIB产量与叶绿素a(Chl a)含量呈非线性相关,符合对数-线性模型(R² = 0.74,p < 0.01),该关系在RNA水平通过mic与chlG基因表达量的强相关性(R² = 0.85,p < 0.01)获得验证。模型显示相较于Chl a合成,MIB生物合成的碳通量分配不足2%,表明MIB合成与光合色素生产具有协同性而非竞争性。野外观察发现水体浊度增加导致的光谱红移通过改变光合色素组成降低了MIB水平。本研究深化了对变化光环境下产MIB蓝藻生理机制的理解,为地表水MIB污染防控提供了理论依据。

    Graphical abstract for Green Light Suppresses Cell Growth but Enhances Photosynthetic Rate and MIB Biosynthesis in PE-Containing Pseudanabaena
    Red light fuels the growth, / Green deepens the pigments’ hue, / MIB’s quiet rise.
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  • 020 Mitigating harmful cyanobacterial blooms in drinking water reservoirs through in-situ sediment resuspension

    方 姣、苏 命*、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2024

    控制有害蓝藻水华在全球极具挑战性,尤其对保护水源地至关重要。鉴于现有蓝藻水华控制技术在饮用水水库应用的局限性,我们提出了原位底泥重悬控藻的创新策略。通过实验室模拟实验评估了该技术控制蓝藻水华的有效性及其对水质的潜在影响,并在五个饮用水水库进一步验证了技术工作效果。结果表明,底泥重悬可以显著抑制蓝藻生长。在实验室模拟实验中,相较于对照组的蓝藻生长(生长速率为2.22 × 107 cells L-1 d-1),工作组的蓝藻密度得到有效控制,控制速率为3.82 × 106 cells L-1 d-1。此外,底泥重悬减少了生物可利用磷酸盐的浓度,提升了底泥氧化还原电位,从而抑制了底泥中磷酸盐的释放。底泥重悬操作不会向水源水库中引入外来物质,是一种适用于饮用水水库的经济安全的有害蓝藻控制技术。

    Graphical abstract for Mitigating harmful cyanobacterial blooms in drinking water reservoirs through in-situ sediment resuspension
    Cyanobacterial bloom in source water? / No solution? Try / in-situ Sediment Resuspension
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  • 019 Early warning of MIB episode based on gene abundance and expression in drinking water reservoirs

    曹 腾心、苏 命*、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2023

    细胞内2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)产量因蓝藻在不同条件下的变化而异,但其因果机制尚不明确,这导致了MIB预测的低效性。通过对青草沙(QCS)水库中假鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena cinerea)引发的一次MIB事件的深入实地调查,我们证明了MIB合成相关的mic基因丰度(DNA)和表达量(RNA)可能可作为MIB生成的预警参数。研究发现,mic基因的DNA和RNA丰度分别在MIB浓度峰值之前10天和7天达到高峰。此外,RNA丰度(R2 = 0.45, p < 0.01)与MIB的相关性略高于DNA丰度(R2 = 0.37, p < 0.01),表明假鱼腥藻的生长条件可能与mic基因的表达条件略有不同。这一推论通过培养实验得到验证。在实验中,细胞的最高生长速率出现在36 μmol photons m-2 s-1的光照强度下,而细胞内MIB产量和mic基因表达水平的峰值则出现在85 μmol photons m-2 s-1的光照强度下。我们的研究明确表明,光强是控制培养实验中mic基因表达以及水库实际MIB事件的关键调控因素。 此外,我们开发了一个以mic基因丰度为指标的MIB事件预警模型,并在另外两个水库中验证了其有效性。我们的研究成果突出了光强对mic基因表达和MIB合成的影响,并提供了一种用于预测MIB事件的预警工具。这对于水源管理机构而言具有重要意义。

    Graphical abstract for Early warning of MIB episode based on gene abundance and expression in drinking water reservoirs
    How to know when MIB episode comes? / Gene may tell you. Try / qPCR with mic gene!
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  • 018 MIB-derived odor management based upon hydraulic regulation in small drinking water reservoirs: Principle and application

    陆 金平、苏 命*、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2023

    这项研究提出了一种基于水力调控的方法,用于控制小型水库中产生异萜酮(MIB)的蓝藻的生长,根据长期的野外调查、实验室培养实验、模型构建和现场应用的结果。野外调查发现较长的水力停留时间(HRT)是触发MIB事件的因素之一。培养研究揭示了最大细胞密度、产生MIB的Planktothricoides raciborskii的生长速率和MIB浓度由HRT决定(R2= 0.94,p值 < 0.001),并且可以通过将HRT减少到小于10天来最小化。在此基础上,建立了一个HRT调控模型,并通过野外调查进行了验证,并评估了14个蓝藻属的关键HRT值。通过将HRT减少到5.4 ± 0.8天,低于7.5 ~ 15.0天的临界值,成功地终止了2021年ZXD水库的一个MIB事件。结果表明,该提出的原则可以为HRT调控提供科学依据,已证明是有效和可行的。这种方法避免了对水质的负面影响,不需要额外投资于工程基础设施,并且在某些情况下可以通过改变现有的操作程序来立即应用。因此,基于HRT的调控是一种有前途的策略,可以针对MIB的控制,可能也适用于小型水库中其他蓝藻来源的水质问题。

    Graphical abstract for MIB-derived odor management based upon hydraulic regulation in small drinking water reservoirs: Principle and application
    Small reservoirs / Adjust HRT to halt / MIB odors.
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  • 017 Driving forces for the growth of MIB-producing Planktothricoides raciborskii in a low-latitude reservoir

    陆 金平、苏 命*、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2022

    与中高纬度地区相比,低纬度地区与2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)事件的发生关系较小,因为大多数已知的MIB生产者更偏好适中的光照和温度条件。本文报告了2018年7月到2019年6月期间在一个低纬度水库发生的严重MIB爆发,该水库年均水温为25.6°C。MIB事件持续时间较长,从2018年7月持续到2019年1月,Planktothricoides raciborskii被确认是主要的MIB生产者。通过实验室培养和现场验证实验,我们探讨了P. raciborskii的生长特性。结果表明,当总氮(TN)> 800 μg L-1,磷(TP)> 10 μg L-1时,该菌株对营养物质不敏感,但偏好适中的光强(54 μmol光子/m2·s)和高温(30°C)。而两种以低温为主的蓝藻属、Limnothrix和 Aphanizomenon,则偏好较低温度和类似或相对较高的光照强度,在12月到6月之间,繁殖量分别增长了约13倍(Limnothrix)和58倍(Aphanizomenon);相反,7月到11月的高水温(29.9 ± 2.8°C)和光照强度(189.1 ± 87.6 μmol光子/m2·s)对Limnothrix和Aphanizomenon不利,这可能为MIB生产者P. raciborskii的生长提供了机会。此外,我们还发现,高温能促进P. raciborskii细胞释放MIB,从而对饮用水处理过程带来更大的压力。

    Graphical abstract for Driving forces for the growth of MIB-producing Planktothricoides raciborskii in a low-latitude reservoir
    MIB persists long / Warm reservoirs bloom anew / Odor challenges.
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  • 016 Biosynthesis of 2-methylisoborneol is regulated by chromatic acclimation of Pseudanabaena

    苏 命、et al. · Environmental Research, 2023

    蓝藻可以通过调整包括叶绿素 a(Chl a)、藻红蛋白(PE)和藻蓝蛋白(PC)等光合色素的成分来感知不同的光照颜色。丝状蓝藻是2‐甲基异莰醇(MIB)的主要生产者,许多蓝藻能够增加其PE水平,以便在绿光更丰富的水体表层中更加具有竞争力,从而引起饮用水水库中广泛的嗅味问题。在这项研究中,我们探讨了MIB合成与环境光照颜色引起的色调适应(CA)在MIB产嗅Pseudanabaena 菌株中的潜在关系。结果表明,Pseudanabaena通过增加PE的丰度并减少PC在绿光中的比例,来通过III型色调适应(CA3)调节色素比例。MIB和Chl a的合成共享相同的前体,并且它们之间存在显著的正相关关系,不受光照颜色的影响($R2 = 0.68$, $p < 0.001$)。此外,PE的丰度与绿光中的Chl a也呈正相关($R2 = 0.57$, $p = 0.019$),因为PE是唯一可以将能量传递给PC和Chl a的天线。在绿光下,由于合成了更多的Chl a,观察到MIB的生产显著增加。

    Graphical abstract for Biosynthesis of 2-methylisoborneol is regulated by chromatic acclimation of Pseudanabaena
    Green light promotes / MIB synthesis and PE / Odor risks increase
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  • 015 Evaluation of the MIB-producing potential based on real-time qPCR in drinking water reservoirs

    Md. Suruzzaman、王 永京*、苏 命*、et al. · Environmental Research, 2022

    蓝藻会释放一种次级代谢产物——2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)。本研究提出了一种基于反转录定量实时PCR(RT-qPCR)的方法,通过检测MIB合成基因(mic)来评估水源中MIB的生成潜力。我们设计了一套MIBQSF/R引物,该引物基于12株纯培养的MIB产藻菌株的mic基因序列以及从NCBI数据库中获取的23个序列(共35个mic基因序列)构建而成。此引物成功识别了所有已知的43株MIB产蓝藻菌株(包括本研究中的12株和NCBI数据库中的31株),这些菌株隶属于不同的属,其覆盖范围比现有的引物组更广。该方法的效率通过以下指标得到了验证:扩增效率(E = 91.23%)、标准曲线的R2值(0.999)、检测限(LOD,5.7 fg μL−1)以及定量限(LOQ,1.86 × 104基因拷贝μL−1)。此外,该方法还通过分析50个来自不同水库的野外样本(R2 = 0.614,p < 0.001)以及单一水库样本(R2 = 0.752,p < 0.001)中mic基因丰度与MIB浓度之间的相关性进行了验证,表明该方法具有作为替代预警工具的潜力,可用于评估水源中MIB问题的风险。

    Graphical abstract for Evaluation of the MIB-producing potential based on real-time qPCR in drinking water reservoirs
    Green light promotes / MIB synthesis and PE / Odor risks increase
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  • 014 Light-Dominated Selection Shaping Filamentous Cyanobacterial Assemblages Drives Odor Problem in a Drinking Water Reservoir

    苏 命、杨 敏*、et al. · npj Clean Water, 2022

    丝状蓝藻在生态位上有显著重叠,但其群落演替的因果机制尚不明确。这具有实际意义,因为多个丝状蓝藻属是主要的土霉味物质2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)的生产者,导致饮用水中出现异味问题。本研究探讨了饮用水水库中两种丝状蓝藻——产MIB的Planktothrix属和不产MIB的Pseudanabaena属——的关系。我们基于监测数据集识别了它们的生态位特征,并结合培养实验,开发了基于生态位的模型来阐明这一过程。研究结果显示,Pseudanabaena的最适光需求(1.56 mol m⁻² d⁻¹)低于Planktothrix(3.67 mol m⁻² d⁻¹);这种光生态位分化导致了Planktothrix(2013年)被Pseudanabaena(2015年)取代,同时MIB浓度在2013至2015年间显著下降。本研究表明,光是驱动丝状蓝藻演替的主要力量,细微的生态位分化可能在塑造丝状蓝藻群落中起重要作用,从而导致饮用水水库中MIB异味问题的产生。

    Graphical abstract for Light-Dominated Selection Shaping Filamentous Cyanobacterial Assemblages Drives Odor Problem in a Drinking Water Reservoir
    Light shapes their niche / Pseudanabaena reigns / Odors subside slow
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  • 013 Identification of MIB producers and odor risk assessment using routine data: A case study of an estuary drinking water reservoir

    苏 命、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2021

    MIB(2-甲基异莰醇)产生的蓝藻在水库中的识别一直是水库管理部门面临的一个巨大挑战,因为通常需要分离培养蓝藻菌株。在这项研究中,开发了一种基于皮尔逊积矩相关分析、标准化数据处理和专家判断相结合的协议,用于识别MIB生产者,主要基于来自中国长江某入海口饮用水水库的常规监测数据,并建立了一个使用分位数回归的风险模型,以评估MIB发生的风险。自2011年以来,该水库在夏季遭遇MIB问题。在323种浮游植物中,_Planktothrix_ 被判定为该水库的MIB生产者,因为其表现出最高的相关系数($R$ = 0.60),以及最低的假阳性率(FP% = 0)和假阴性率(FN% = 14)。低假阳性率尤其重要,因为只有在检测到生产者时,MIB才应被检测到。高光消光系数(k = 5.57±2.48 m-1)归因于河水中的高浑浊负荷,降低了水体表层的光强,这可能保护了低光照需求的_Planktothrix_免受过度太阳辐射的影响,使其在整个夏季持续生长。风险模型表明,当_Planktothrix_的细胞密度超过609.0个细胞/mL时,水中发生不可接受的MIB浓度(>15 ng L-1)的概率高达90%,而当细胞密度降至37.5个细胞/mL和9.6个细胞/mL时,风险显著降低至50%和10%。本研究中开发的方法,包括识别潜在生产者的协议和风险模型,可为利用常规监测数据管理遭受MIB问题的水源提供参考案例。

    Graphical abstract for Identification of MIB producers and odor risk assessment using routine data: A case study of an estuary drinking water reservoir
    MIB detection done, / Estuary's risk forecasted, / Water treatment strain.
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  • 012 Ecological niche and *in-situ* control of MIB producers in source water

    苏 命、杨 敏*、et al. · Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2021

    近年来,中国饮用水水源中因2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)引发的嗅味问题已成为常见现象,对饮用水安全构成了较大风险。这种带有泥土和霉味的嗅味物质MIB具有极低的嗅味阈值(4–16 ng L-1),且难以通过传统饮用水厂(DWP)的工艺去除,因此容易引发消费者的投诉。这种化合物主要由一组丝状蓝藻产生,主要属于颤藻目(Oscillatoriales)。不同于研究较多的表层水华微囊藻(Microcystis),丝状蓝藻具有特定的生态位特征,使其能够在水柱的次表层或深层栖息。这些MIB生产者的水下水华因此被水下光照条件被动决定,而光照条件又受到表层浮渣的细胞密度影响。这表明,养分含量相对较低的饮用水水库无法支持表层水华,但却很适合丝状蓝藻的特化生态位,这可能解释了水源中嗅味问题的广泛存在。

    Graphical abstract for Ecological niche and *in-situ* control of MIB producers in source water
    MIB lingers low, / Hidden where the light won’t go— / Waters whisper woes.
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  • 011 Succession and interaction of surface and subsurface cyanobacterial blooms in oligotrophic/mesotrophic reservoirs: A case study in Miyun Reservoir

    苏 命、et al. · Science of The Total Environment, 2019

    Subsurface cyanobacterial blooms are a significant source of odor problems in source water, particularly in oligotrophic/mesotrophic reservoirs. This study explores the key driving forces behind the succession between surface and subsurface cyanobacteria in Miyun Reservoir, China, using ecological niche modelling. Results indicate that water depth and surface light irradiance (I0) have a negative effect on subsurface _Planktothrix_ sp. growth, while surface water temperature (T0) follows a unimodal effect with an optimum at 23°C. For surface _Microcystis_ spp., temperature and the interaction between temperature and light irradiance are key factors. The study suggests that high irradiance and nutrient availability during the pre-bloom stage favor surface cyanobacteria, while the post-bloom decline of surface cyanobacteria allows for the growth and succession of subsurface cyanobacteria in deeper layers, where nutrient supply remains adequate. The growth potential of subsurface cyanobacteria is higher than that of surface cyanobacteria in shallow oligotrophic and deep eutrophic reservoirs during median light irrigation seasons.

    Graphical abstract for Succession and interaction of surface and subsurface cyanobacterial blooms in oligotrophic/mesotrophic reservoirs: A case study in Miyun Reservoir
    Cyanobacteria grow, / Surface and subsurface dance, / Reservoirs transform.
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  • 009 Light as a possible regulator of MIB-producing Planktothrix in source water reservoir, mechanism and in-situ verification

    贾 泽宇、于 建伟*、杨 敏*、et al. · Harmful Algae, 2019

    导致霉味/土味的化合物2-甲基异莰醇(MIB)通常与源水中生活于水下的蓝藻(如Planktothrix)相关。本研究在实验室和现场条件下探讨了光照可用性对MIB产生及Planktothrix生长的影响。结果表明,Planktothrix的生长至少需要4.4 μmol photons m-2 s-1的光强,而减少光照可有效抑制其生长。密云水库的现场实验验证了这一发现,最低的MIB水平出现在光照强度低于该阈值的深度。本研究强调了通过管理水下光照可用性来控制源水系统中MIB产生蓝藻的潜力。

    Graphical abstract for Light as a possible regulator of MIB-producing Planktothrix in source water reservoir, mechanism and in-situ verification
    Light nurtures the deep, / Shadows hold their quiet sweep— / Cyanobacteria creep.
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  • 008 Production and fate of fishy odorants produced by two freshwater chrysophyte species under different temperature and light conditions

    刘 婷婷、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2019

    鱼腥味已成为饮用水中最常见的审美水质问题之一。本研究探讨了温度(8°C、16°C 和 24°C)和光照强度(10、41 和 185 μmol photons m−2 s−1)对两种与鱼腥味事件相关的金藻类——Synura uvella 和 Ochromonas sp. 的藻类生长及产嗅物质的影响。研究鉴定出五种多不饱和醛衍生物,包括2,4-庚二烯醛、2-辛烯醛、2,4-辛二烯醛、2,4-癸二烯醛和2,4,7-癸三烯醛,为鱼腥味物质。研究显示,虽然生物量产量随温度升高而增加,但较低温度(8°C)下的嗅味物质产量更高。嗅味物质的产生及细胞产量随光照强度的增加而降低。嗅味物质的生物降解和挥发与温度相关,其生物降解半衰期在8°C时为6–10小时,而在24°C时为2–4小时;挥发半衰期在8°C时为36–97天,而在24°C时为6–17天。这些发现有助于解释为什么鱼腥味事件更常见于较冷季节,并为水环境中鱼腥味问题的管理提供了新的见解。

    Graphical abstract for Production and fate of fishy odorants produced by two freshwater chrysophyte species under different temperature and light conditions
    Fishy scents arise, / Cold waters whisper secrets— / Light and warmth decide.
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  • 005 Reducing production of taste and odor by deep-living cyanobacteria in drinking water reservoirs by regulation of water level

    苏 命、杨 敏*、et al. · Science of The Total Environment, 2017

    Abatement and control of algae producing toxins and creating taste & odor (T&O) in drinking water sources is a major challenge for water supply. This study proposes a strategy based on water level regulation for controlling odor-producing cyanobacteria in source water. Miyun Reservoir, Beijing's main surface water source, has suffered from 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB)-induced T&O problems caused by deep-living _Planktothrix_ sp. since 2002. The biomass of _Planktothrix_ was found to be mainly governed by the water depth above its sediment habitat. An algorithm for water level regulation was developed to minimize T&O risk in different reservoir types. In Miyun Reservoir, increasing the water level can reduce high-risk areas by about 2.91% of surface area per meter when the water level is below 145 m. To achieve an acceptable risk level (ARL) of 10%, the water level must be raised to at least 147.7 m a.s.l. from 131.0 m. This management strategy is simpler and cheaper than traditional physical, chemical, and biological techniques, with no apparent negative impacts on water quality or aquatic organisms.

    Graphical abstract for Reducing production of taste and odor by deep-living cyanobacteria in drinking water reservoirs by regulation of water level
    Cyanobacteria deep, / Water levels shifted steep, / Odor risks now asleep.
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  • 004 MIB-producing cyanobacteria (*Planktothrix* sp.) in a drinking water reservoir: Distribution and odor producing potential

    苏 命、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2015

    The production of odorant 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) in water bodies by _Planktothrix sp._ has not been understood very well. Through a four-year investigation in Miyun Reservoir, a mesotrophic drinking water reservoir known to have MIB episodes, it was found that _Planktothrix sp._ blooms during September and October cause high levels of MIB in the reservoir. Measurements (n = 887) of MIB concentrations and biomass of MIB-producing cyanobacteria at different sites and depths revealed that shallow regions of the reservoir serve as the major habitat for _Planktothrix sp._ due to light penetration and nutrient-rich sediments. Quantile regression analysis indicated a 90% risk of MIB exceeding the odor threshold (15 ng L−1) when _Planktothrix_ density exceeded 4.0 × 10⁵ cells L−1, reduced to 10% at densities below 1.6 × 10⁴ cells L−1. This study enhances understanding of _Planktothrix sp._ ecology and offers insights for managing taste and odor (T&O) issues in drinking water sources.

    Graphical abstract for MIB-producing cyanobacteria (*Planktothrix* sp.) in a drinking water reservoir: Distribution and odor producing potential
    Cyanobacter bloom, / Shallow waters' MIB, / Odor risks arise.
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  • 003 Importance of underwater light field in selecting phytoplankton morphology in a eutrophic reservoir

    苏 命、杨 敏*、et al. · Hydrobiologia, 2013

    This study investigates the effects of solar radiation fluctuations on the dynamics of phytoplankton communities, specifically focusing on the selection of phytoplankton morphology in eutrophic water bodies, where nutrient effects are considered minimal. Two morphological descriptors—cellular projected area and flattening index—were developed to reflect the cells' light-harvesting potential and energy requirements. A model was built to evaluate how natural light availability affects phytoplankton assemblages, considering underwater light field and mixing processes in the water column. Data from the eutrophic Yanghe Reservoir were used to derive the model, incorporating the solar elevation angle and mixing/euphotic depth ratio. Post-analysis revealed that species with large area and flattening index are favored in spring and winter under low light availability, while species with smaller area and index dominate in summer. Larger morphological traits allow cells to capture more light and require less energy, making them advantageous in low-light conditions. This research concludes that the underwater light field is a critical factor in determining phytoplankton morphology in eutrophic water bodies.

    Graphical abstract for Importance of underwater light field in selecting phytoplankton morphology in a eutrophic reservoir
    Light field in water, / Phytoplankton choose their form, / Seasonal changes.
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  • 002 Spatial and temporal variations of two cyanobacteria in the mesotrophic Miyun reservoir, China

    苏 命、杨 敏*、et al. · Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2014

    In this study, spatial variations in the phytoplankton community of the Miyun reservoir (North China) were investigated over a 5-month period in 2009. The focus was on two cyanobacteria genera: _Microcystis_, a toxin-producing species, and _Oscillatoria_, a taste & odor producer. The dynamics of the phytoplankton community were represented by the dominance of cyanobacteria in summer and fall, followed by a short-term dominance of chlorophyta in late fall. In October, the diatom community showed high abundance. Maximum phytoplankton biomass was found in the northern shallow region of the reservoir, which had higher nutrient levels. The study revealed that environmental factors strongly influenced the growth of the cyanobacteria: the biomass of _Microcystis_ was particularly affected by water temperature and mixing depth, while _Oscillatoria_ biomass was influenced by total dissolved phosphorus in the surface and middle layers, and by the Secchi depth in the bottom layer. Abundant _Oscillatoria_ biomass was observed in late September when the biomass of _Microcystis_ had decreased, allowing more light to penetrate.

    Graphical abstract for Spatial and temporal variations of two cyanobacteria in the mesotrophic Miyun reservoir, China
    Cyanobacteria bloom, / In Miyun’s mesotrophic, / Depths of the water.
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  • 001 Establishment of quantitative PCR methods for the quantification of geosmin-producing potential and *Anabaena* sp. in freshwater systems

    苏 命、杨 敏*、et al. · Water Research, 2013

    Geosmin is often associated with off-flavor problems in drinking water, particularly produced by Anabaena sp. Early detection of geosmin producers and geosmin levels is crucial for managing potential off-flavor events in freshwater systems. This study presents quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods to quantify both the Anabaena sp. population and geosmin-producing potential in freshwater environments. Primer sets targeting the rpoC1 gene of Anabaena sp. and the geosmin synthase gene were designed for this purpose. The qPCR methods were validated using simulated culture blooms and field samples. The density of the rpoC1 gene showed a strong correlation with cell counts, while geosmin synthase gene copies correlated with geosmin concentrations measured by GC-MS. The methods are faster and simpler than traditional techniques, enabling on-site detection and providing timely data for water quality management. They can reduce analysis time from days to just a few hours and are applicable for monitoring in various environmental settings.

    Graphical abstract for Establishment of quantitative PCR methods for the quantification of geosmin-producing potential and *Anabaena* sp. in freshwater systems
    Geosmin presence felt, / PCR quickens the path, / Water's taste revealed.
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