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Using bio-based CaCO3 functionalized sediment to simultaneously remove algae and COD through adsorption and sedimentation in water source reservoirs

Turbid waters clear,
Bio-CaCO₃ binds the green,
Clean lake, calm and still.
2-methylisoborneol (MIB)
_mic_ gene
Chlorophylla (Chl a)
_Pseudanabaena cinerea_
chromatic acclimation

WR2025b: Yifan Du, Jinyi Qin, Ming Su, et. al. Using bio-based CaCO3 functionalized sediment to simultaneously remove algae and COD through adsorption and sedimentation in water source reservoirs. Water Research 2025;XXX:XXXXXX. 10.1016/j.watres.2025.XXXXXX.

Authors
Affiliations

Yifan Du

School of Civil Engineering, Chang’an University

Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Jinbo Zhao

School of Civil Engineering, Chang’an University

Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Qingping Wang

School of Civil Engineering, Chang’an University

Jiacheng Feng

School of Civil Engineering, Chang’an University

Jinyi Qin

School of Civil Engineering, Chang’an University

Ming Su

Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Published

Sep 10, 2025

Doi

10.1016/j.watres.2025.XXXXXX

Introduction by AI

Abstract

In-situ turbidity enhancement can suppress algal growth in reservoirs but often exacerbates chemical oxygen demand (COD) accumulation due to incomplete organic removal. This study presents a biologically synthesized bio-CaCO3-modified sediment, engineered via Bacillu s-induced carbonate precipitation, to simultaneously control algae and reduce COD. The material forms 15–30 nm core–shell clusters with enriched –OH/–COOH groups and mesopores (~19.76 nm), confirmed by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET (+1.02 m2 g-1). Adsorption tests against Microcystis aeruginosa, Chlorella, and Limnothrix showed Langmuir-type monolayer binding (R2 > 0.97) and pseudo-second-order kinetics. XDLVO theory and DFT analysis revealed strong EPS–Bio-CaCO3 interactions (\(\Delta E_\text{AB}\) = 31.28 mJ m-2; \(\Delta E_\text{ads}\) = –1.07 ev). Optimal conditions (7.5 wt% CaCO3, 56% residual Ca2+, 85 min) achieved 93.8% Chl-a removal, 88.6% COD reduction, and 87.5% turbidity control (R2 = 0.98), with minimal Ca2+ leaching. By integrating chemisorption, interfacial adhesion, and pore confinement, this material provides a stable, eco-friendly strategy for dual pollutant control and in-situ sediment remediation.

Graphical abstract

Citation

Add to Zotero 

@Article{du2025using,
    title       = {Using bio-based CaCO~3~ functionalized sediment to simultaneously remove algae and COD through adsorption and sedimentation in water source reservoirs},
    author      = {Su, Yifan and Zhao, Jinbo and Wang, Qingping and Feng, Jiacheng and Qin, Jinyi and Su,. Ming},
    year        = 2025,
    journal     = {Water Research},
    publisher   = {Elsevier BV},
    pages       = XXXXXX,
    url         = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2025.XXXXXX},
    issn        = {0043-1354},
    doi         = {10.1016/j.watres.2025.XXXXXX}
}